People Australia

John Samuel August (c.1773–1839) was a merchant and magistrate in British Honduras, now Belize, in Central America, whose widow and four surviving children immigrated to the newly established province of South Australia soon after his death in 1839. August was born around 1773 in South Carolina, United States of America, to John August (c.1750–1774) and his wife Mary ‘Polly’, née Cook (c.1752–1819).^[1] His father died when John was an infant, leaving a substantial probate of £2,259 5s 10d.^[2] His maternal grandfather John Cook (c.1725–1782), ‘late of Camden District, now of Charlstown [sic]’, created a will in June 1782 providing his ‘beloved grandson John Samuel August’ with the bequest of ‘one negro boy named Stephey’.^[3]

During the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783) the regions of Camden and Charleston in South Carolina were strongholds for British Loyalists and, like others, the August family were aligned with the Royalist cause.^[4] Charleston was evacuated by December 1782, and American-born Loyalists, along with people whom they held enslaved, were offered passage to areas of British colonial control, predominantly Canada and the Caribbean.^[5] By the time August was sixteen years old his family had settled in British Honduras, now Belize, where they they joined a small, socially stratified, slave-owning community settled on the edges of Honduras Bay.^[6] There they participated in the lucrative mahogany trade.^[7] Though the war brought the trade to a virtual standstill and escalated prices to extraordinary levels, at its end ties between British Honduras and England were strengthened, and the mahogany industry thrived.^[8]

A memorial stone in St John the Baptist Anglican Church in Belize City described August as a ‘respectable inhabitant’ of British Honduras who served the community as a colonel in the militia and as a local magistrate.^[9] British settlers in early-nineteenth-century Honduras ‘managed their own affairs’ and ‘elected magistracy that exercised both judicial and executive functions’.^[10] August was a forty-eight-year-old lieutenant-colonel of the Royal Honduras Militia when he married twenty-nine-year-old widow Sarah Bryon, née Maskall (1792–1844) in 1821.^[11] Sarah had been widowed after five years of marriage and left with three young children from her first marriage: Leonard (1814–1838), Mary (1817–1866), and William (1818–1835) Bryon. Also acknowledged on this memorial was an illegitimate son, Samuel Frederick August (1789–1839), who had been born out of wedlock to an unidentified mother when John Samuel August was twenty-four years old.^[12]

Records from the Registry of Colonial Slaves collated in London reveal that, as of 14 June 1834, John Samuel August was the enslaver of forty individuals listed in six family groups, as well as fifteen single men and two single women. These included three waiting boys, ten female household domestics, and three babies with the occupation ‘nothing’. The remaining males all held the occupation ‘mahogany cutter’ and were between ages fourteen and sixty.^[13] Over half of these individuals carried the surnames August or Maskall, while other surnames listed included Farrier, Potts, Baker, Broaster, Waldron, and Eve.^[14] The August and Maskall families were maritally and economically intertwined, which was not surprising in the small community of British Honduras, which consisted of approximately 2,000 non-enslaved individuals and 1,783 enslaved people in the early 1830s.^[15]

On 5 October 1835 August claimed £2,362 0s 9d as compensation for the ‘loss’ of forty enslaved people.^[16] This was collected in London by James Hyde, agent for Honduras.^[17] By 1838 plans were underway for August to relocate to London after a residence of almost five decades in British Honduras, and in preparation he made out his final will.^[18]The family moved to London, where he died aged sixty-six on 29 August 1839 and was buried at St Alfege Anglican Church in the heart of Greenwich.^[19] The beneficiaries of the estate were his wife Sarah as sole executrix and four of their children: seventeen-year-old Robert Maskell (1822–1845), fourteen-year-old Sarah Mary Ann (1825–1871), eleven-year-old John Samuel (1828–1858), and nine-year-old George Hornby (1830–1884), who were each to receive their inheritance upon attaining the age of eighteen.^[20]

The only surviving child from Sarah August’s previous marriage, Mary Cooke, née Bryon (1817–1866), had migrated to the British province of South Australia with her husband William Robert Smith Cooke (1812–1851) earlier that year, arriving in Port Adelaide on the ship Buckinghamshire in March 1839.^[21] William was soon operating under the business name ‘August & Cooke’ as a commission merchant and shipping agent in Rundle and Hindley Streets, Adelaide.^[22]Within months of the Cookes’ arrival, contributions were made on behalf of the company towards the construction of a church and school.^[23] Sarah August and her four children followed Mary to South Australia, arriving in Port Adelaide aboard the City of London in March 1840.^[24] After her arrival Sarah entered the partnership of ‘August, Cooke & Co’.^[25] Land in Walkerville was purchased by the business, where Sarah lived with her daughter and son-in-law at ‘Vale House’, a home which still exists in Vale Park, Adelaide.^[26]

Despite their youth, the four August children were quick to take advantage of opportunities in South Australia. Sarah Mary Ann had recently turned sixteen when, on 24 April 1841, she married the ambitious twenty-three-year-old overlander Alfred Langhorne (1817–1874), William Cooke’s brother-in-law.^[27] Alfred and his brother Charles Langhorne (1812–1855) embarked on successful colonial careers as overlanders and merchants, moving cattle and sheep from New South Wales to Port Phillip and Adelaide.^[28] In August 1840 Alfred made a large profit on the purchase, subdivision and sale of land in Prahran, now the site of Como House in Melbourne.^[29] This land speculation, combined with commissions from the sale of stock, placed him in a strong financial position to propose to Sarah Mary Ann.^[30]

At the time of his sister’s marriage, nineteen-year-old Robert Maskall was also overlanding cattle and sheep, under the leadership of his new brother-in-law, twenty-nine-year-old Charles Langhorne. In April 1841 word arrived in Adelaide of the escalating conflict between overlanders and Maraura warriors at Ta Ru/Lake Victoria on the upper Murray River.^[31]Alfred Langhorne was aware that his brother Charles and brother-in-law Robert would soon be in that area, attempting to cross Rufus River at a location known as Langhorne’s Ferry.^[32] He wrote to newly appointed governor George Grey (1812–1898) to request assistance in their protection.^[33] Cooke and Alfred Langhorne were also among petitioners requesting that Grey ‘send out a force to protect Messrs Langhorne and August, and others, with stock, now on their journey down the Murray’.^[34] The overlanding party, which included Robert Maskall, clashed with Maraura warriors on 20 June 1841, and four stockmen and five Maraura men were killed in the altercation.^[35] Langhorne and August were not present when the conflict escalated to culminate in the Rufus River massacre on 27 August 1841, in which at least forty Maraura men were killed and Maraura women were abused.^[36]

In the early 1840s Robert Maskall continued to participate in overland expeditions in partnership with his brother-in-law Alfred Langhorne.^[37] By 1844 Robert held a license to depasture stock and cut timber in the Port Phillip region and was employed as overseer of Laverton Estate, Alfred and Sarah Langhorne’s home.^[38] Soon after their marriage in 1841, Alfred and Sarah had relocated to Melbourne, established a pastoral station and built the first bluestone homestead, now known as Altona, on Woiwurrung land on the shore of Port Phillip Bay.^[39]

Sarah August’s participation in the partnership of August, Cooke & Co was short-lived. As eldest son, Robert Maskall was only twenty years old in 1842 when he was given power of attorney to manage his mother’s financial affairs.^[40] She died on 25 January 1844 at the Laverton Homestead, aged fifty-one, with Alfred Langhorne named as the sole executor.^[41] In her will Sarah instructed him to ‘carry into effect the will of my late Husband John Samuel August … as fully and effectually as I myself could have done’.^[42] At that time her two youngest children were fifteen and thirteen years old,  and Langhorne was to see that they received their inheritance.

A few months after Sarah’s death, her son-in-law William Robert Smith Cooke was described as ‘late of the firm of August, Cooke, and Company’ when he filed a declaration of insolvency.^[43] Cooke’s career in South Australia was not impeded by this insolvency, as he went on to purchase a mill on West Terrace, served as secretary of the Freemasons of South Australia, and appeared as one of the founders of St Peter’s College in Adelaide in 1847.^[44]

The children of John Samuel and Sarah August did not live long lives. Robert Maskall died suddenly at the Laverton Homestead ‘after only a few hours illness’ in July 1845, aged just twenty-two years.^[45] John Samuel Junior was seventeen years old when he replaced his brother Robert as overseer of the Laverton Estate.^[46] He was twenty-five in February 1853 when he married twenty-seven-year-old Marie Lewens in an Anglican church in St Kilda, Melbourne. They had their first son, Robert William August (1853–1934), nine months after their marriage, but their next two children, a daughter and a son, both died in infancy. John Samuel was deputy registrar of births and deaths for the district of Avenel in Victoria from 1853 to 1855 and then receiver of gold at Mount Blackwell above Myrniong until his death in early 1858, aged thirty.^[47]

William Robert Smith Cooke was thirty-nine when he died of heart disease in 1851, leaving his widow Mary with six children under the age of twelve.^[48] The Cooke, August, and Langhorne families continued to intertwine when William and Mary’s daughter Fanny Sarah Cooke (1845–1933), married Alfred Robert Maskall Langhorne (1845–1930), the only surviving son of Alfred and Sarah Langhorne. After a short career in the British Light Infantry, Alfred settled with Fanny in West London, England.^[49] When Mary Cooke (née Bryon) died in Camden Town, London in 1866 she was a forty-nine-year-old widow with an estate valued under £450.^[50] In February 1852 Alfred and Sarah Langhorne emigrated with their young family to England for the sake of their children’s education.^[51] After returning to Victoria in 1868, Sarah Langhorne (née August) passed away in 1871 at Laverton on Port Phillip Bay at the age of forty-six; Alfred Langhorne outlived his wife by only three years.^[52]

The youngest child of John Samuel and Sarah, George Hornby, was an orphan by the age of thirteen, and twenty-one years old when he married twenty-two-year-old Lucy Clarke (1829–1913) in Melbourne in 1852. After the birth of a daughter in Bendigo the following year, the young family left Australia in early 1855 to settle in Wellington, New Zealand, where they had another eight children.^[53] The name John Samuel August lived on through George and Lucy’s son, born July 1859. George Hornby died in Wellington, New Zealand in December 1884 aged fifty-four years, leaving a widow, three daughters, and six sons.^[54] His wife Lucy August (née Clarke) outlived her husband by almost three decades.^[55]

The August family’s financial interests in British Honduras, including profits from Britain’s slavery economy, were redirected toward Australasia through investment in the new colony of South Australia and the expansion of pastoralism, exploration, and trade in the Port Phillip District, as well as across the Tasman to New Zealand. Slavery compensation awarded to the August family was combined with proceeds from overlanding stock between Melbourne and Adelaide and land speculation, to establish an estate on the foreshore of Port Phillip Bay. Descended from British Loyalists in the American Revolutionary War, several grandchildren of John Samuel August found their way back to end their days in the ‘mother country’, England.

[1] ‘Marriages,’ South Carolina Gazette (Charleston), 16 August 1773, via Ancestry; ‘John Samuel August,’ Church of England Deaths and Burials, Saint Alfege Church, Greenwich, P78/Alf/072, via Ancestry.

[2] South Carolina, Probate Records, Files and Loose Papers, 1732–1964, Charleston Probate Court, Estate inventories, 1772–1776, www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:939L-V39K-1Y.

[3] ‘Will of John Cook of Camden District (1782),’ South Carolina Archives and History, Reference no. S108093, Record 14 of 89; ‘John Samuel August: Profile & Legacies Summary,’ Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slavery UCL, www.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/person/view/11646.

[4] ‘Camden,’ American Battlefield Trust, accessed 11 July 2025, www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/camden; ‘Charleston’, Encyclopaedia Britannica, accessed 11 July 2025, https://www.britannica.com/place/Charleston-South-Carolina.

[5] ‘Liberty Won and Lost: The British Evacuation of Charleston,’ National Park Services, accessed 11 July 2025, www.nps.gov/articles/000/british-evacuation-of-charleston.htm.

[6] O. Nigel Bolland, The Formation of a Colonial Society: Belize, from Conquest to Crown Colony (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1977) 30-32, 94; Anderson, Mahogany, 119.

[7] John Purcell Usher, Inscriptions and Epitaphs copied from tablets in Cathedral Church of St John the Baptist, Belize, British Honduras (London: Cassell and Company, 1907) 16, https://ufdcimages.uflib.ufl.edu/UF/00/09/90/48/00001/MemInscriptEpitaphBelizeBH.pdf.

[8] Adam Bowett, ‘The English Mahogany Trade 1700-1793’ (PhD Thesis, Brunel University, 1996) 126-132, 156, 158-161, https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/288218482.pdf.

[9] Usher, Inscriptions and Epitaphs, 16.

[10] Bolland, The Formation of a Colonial Society, 10.

[11] ‘Sarah Maskall,’ Baptism, Parish Registers for the Archdeaconry of Yorkshire; PR/STIL/9, via Ancestry; ‘Marriages’, Leeds Intelligencer, 21 May 1821, 3 ; ‘Death,’ Port Phillip Gazette (Victoria), 31 Jan 1844, 3..

[12] Bowett, ‘The English Mahogany Trade 1700-1793,’ 126-132, 156, 158-161.

[13] ‘John Samuel August, 1834, Honduras,’ Former British Colonial Dependencies, Slave Register, 1813-1834, Class: T 71, Piece Number: 251, 197-198, The National Archives, United Kingdom, via Ancestry. 

[14] Ibid.

[15] David R. M. Irving and Marcio Andrade-Campos, ‘George Fife Angas, Questions of Slave Compensation in “Hondura”’ (Belize), and the Colonisation of South Australia: New Perspectives from Primary Sources,’ Australian Historical Studies (online 2025) 9.

[16] ‘Honduras, Claim No. 190,’ British Parliamentary Papers, 1835, 88, Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slavery UCL, www.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/claim/view/11612.

[17] ‘James Hyde,’ Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slavery UCL, www.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/firm/view/347019608.

[18] Usher, Inscriptions and Epitaphs, 16; ‘John Samuel August Esq,’ Records of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, Will Register, PROB11, Piece 1916: Vaughan, Quire Numbers 551-603 (1839), via Ancestry.

[19] ‘John Samuel August’, Church of England Deaths and Burials, Saint Alfege Church, Greenwich, P78/Alf/072, via Ancestry.

[20] ‘Died’, Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Victoria), 3 July 1845, 2,; ‘Robert Maskall August’, Old Pioneers Section Grave 76, Fawkner Memorial Park, Victoria, Australia, Find a Grave Online Database, www.findagrave.com/memorial/206387762/robert_maskall-august; ‘Sarah Marianne Langhorne’, Reference 5371/1871, Deaths, Births Deaths and Marriages Victoria, https://my.rio.bdm.vic.gov.au; ‘Sarah Marianne Langhorne’, Church of England F, Row 12, Grave 1, Williamstown Cemetery, Victoria, Australia, Find a Grave Online Database, www.findagrave.com/memorial/153569008/sarah-marianne-langhorne; ‘Family Notices’, Geelong Advertiser (Geelong), 26 June 1871, 2; ‘John Samuel August’, Reference 31743/1853, Marriages, Births Deaths and Marriages Victoria, https://my.rio.bdm.vic.gov.au; ‘John Samuel August,’ Reference 1362/1858, Deaths, Births Deaths and Marriages Victoria, https://my.rio.bdm.vic.gov.au; ‘George Hornby August,’ Holy Trinity Micklegate, Borthwick Institute for Archives, York, England, Church of England Births & Baptisms, via Ancestry; ‘George Hornby August,’ Reference 29749/1852, Marriage, Births Deaths and Marriages Victoria https://my.rio.bdm.vic.gov.au; ‘George Hornby August,’ St John’s Anglican Churchyard, Wellington, New Zealand, Find a Grave Online Database, www.findagrave.com/memorial/147249059/george-hornby-august.

[21] ‘Mary Bryon,’ Saint Mary Bishophill Junior, York, England, Select Births and Christenings, www.ancestry.com.au/search/collections/9841/records/60606075; ‘Mary Cooke,’ Saint James, Saint Pancras, Hampstead Road, Camden, England, Church of England Deaths and Burials, www.ancestry.com.au/search/collections/1559/records/10084439; ‘William Robert Smith Cooke,’ Deaths, Adelaide, South Australia, Death Index, vol 2, 94; ‘Family Notices: Died,’ Adelaide Times (Adelaide), 1 August 1851, 2; ‘William Robert Smith Cooke,’ St Matthew’s Anglican Church, Marryatville, South Australia, Find a Grave Online Database, www.findagrave.com/memorial/198175831/william-robert_smith-cooke; ‘Adelaide Shipping Report,’ South Australian (Adelaide), 27 March 1839, 3.

[22] ‘Advertising,’ Southern Australian (Adelaide), 24 July 1839, p. 2; ‘August and Cooke,’ Adelaide Chronicle and South Australian Advertiser (South Australia), 3 March 1840, 2.

[23] ‘Establishment of a Proprietary College of South Australia,’ Southern Australian (Adelaide), 31 July 1839, 2; ‘Baptist Chapel, Hindley Street’, South Australian (Adelaide), 10 July 1839, 2

[24] ‘Port Adelaide Shipping,’ South Australian Register (Adelaide), 21 March 1840, 3.

[25] ‘Advertising,’ Adelaide Chronicle (Adelaide), 22 July 1840, 2; ‘Supreme Court – Civil Sitting’, South Australian (Adelaide), 4 March 1845, 2.

[26] Marjorie Scales, John Walker's Village. A History of Walkerville (Adelaide: Rigby, 1974), 16-17; McDougall & Vines Conservation and Heritage Consultants, Heritage Survey of the Town of Walkerville: Volume 2, April 2005, 126, https://data.environment.sa.gov.au/Content/heritage-surveys/2-Walkerville-Survey-2005-Vol-2-2006.pdf.

[27] Marriage Register, Holy Trinity Church, Adelaide, 24 April 1841, 454, via Genealogy SA; ‘Family Notices,’ SA Gazette & Colonial Register (South Australia), 1 May 1841, 2; Graeme Reilly, ‘Alfred Langhorne (1817–1874), Part Two: Alfred marries Sarah August and the Rufus River Saga,’ Altona Laverton Historical Society Newsletter 71 (April 2024), 3-4, https://alhs.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/ALHS-Newsletter-71_042024.pdf

[28] Edward W. Northwood, The Langhorne Brothers as Overlanders and Merchants (Sydney: Keeling, 2000) 167-186.

[29] Reilly, ‘Alfred Langhorne (1817–1874), Part Two,’ 4; ‘The History of Como House,’ National Trust Victoria, www.nationaltrust.org.au/places-vic/the-history-of-como-house/. 

[30] Northwood, The Langhorne Brothers, 181-182.

[31] Robert Clyne, ‘At War with the Natives: From the Coorong to the Rufus, 1841,’ Journal of the Historical Society of South Australia, no. 9 (1982), 94.

[32] ‘Moorhouse to Mundy, 30 June 1841’ and ‘Moorhouse to Mundy, 12 July 1841,’ Protector’s Letterbooks 1840–1857, SRSA GRG 52/7, in H. Burke, A. Roberts, M. Morrison, V. Sullivan and the River Murray and Mallee Aboriginal Corporation (RMMAC), ‘The space of conflict: Aboriginal/European interactions and frontier violence on the western Central Murray, 1830-41,’ Aboriginal History 40 (2016), 152-154, 158.

[33] ‘Departure of Major O’Halloran and Party for the Murray’, Southern Australian (Adelaide), 1 June 1841, 3.

[34] ‘The Native Aggressions on the Murray,’ Adelaide Chronicle and South Australian Literary Record (South Australia), 26 May 1841, 3.

[35] ‘Moorhouse to Mundy, 4 September 1841,’ in Burke et al, ‘The space of conflict,’ Aboriginal History, 152.

[36] ‘Fatal Affray with the Murray Natives,’ South Australian Register (Adelaide), 11 September 1841, 2; ‘Fatal Affray with the Natives on the Rufus,’ Southern Australian (Adelaide), 14 September 1841, 2; ‘Inquiry into the circumstances attending the death of a number of natives on the Murray,’ South Australian Register (Adelaide), 25 September 1841, 3–4.

[37] ‘Overland Trip,’ Port Phillip Gazette (Victoria), 10 February 1844, 2; ‘Port Phillip,’ The Sydney Record (Sydney), 30 March 1844, 202; ‘Overland Arrivals’, South Australian Register (Adelaide), 3 April 1844, 3.

[38] ‘Government Gazette Notices,’ New South Wales Government Gazette, 2 July 1844, 863, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article230676416; Altona Laverton Historical Society, ‘Altona & Laverton: The Story,’ Altona Homestead, accessed 11 July 2025, https://alhs.com.au/local-history/altona-laverton-the-story/. 

[39] Altona Laverton Historical Society, ‘The Altona Homestead,’ Altona Homestead,  accessed 11 July 2025), https://alhs.com.au/local-history/the-altona-homestead/; Graeme Reilly, ‘Alfred Langhorne (1817–1874), Part Three: The Growth of a Family and a Homestead, Altona Laverton Historical Society Newsletter, no 72 (June 2024) 2-12, https://alhs.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/ALHS-Newsletter-72_062024.pdf.

[40] ‘John Samuel August: Profile & Legacies Summary,’ Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slavery,  https://www.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/person/view/11646.

[41] ‘Death,’ Port Phillip Gazette (Victoria), 31 Jan 1844, 3; ‘To all whom it may concern’, Port Phillip Gazette (Victoria), 11 May 1844, 3.

[42] ‘Sarah August,’ Public Record Office Victoria, North Melbourne, Victoria, Victorian Wills, Probate and Administration Records 1841-1925, Series: VPRS 7591, via Ancestry.

[43] ‘Local Intelligence,’ Adelaide Observer (South Australia), 13 July 1844, 5.

[44] ‘Freemasonry,’ South Australian Register (Adelaide), 3 February 1844, 2; ‘St. Peter’s College Anniversary,’ The Register (Adelaide), 15 July 1927, 10.

[45] ‘Died,’ Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Victoria), 3 July 1845, 2.

[46] Altona Laverton Historical Society, ‘John August Walk,’ Seabrook Streets (accessed 11 July 2025, https://alhs.com.au/local-history/streets/streets-seabrook.

[47] ‘Family Notices,’ The Argus (Melbourne), 26 January 1858, 4; ‘Registrars,’ The Argus (Melbourne), 29 September 1855, 6.

[48] ‘William Robert Smith Cooke,’ Deaths, Adelaide, South Australia, Death Index, vol. 2, 94, via Genealogy SA; ‘Family Notices,’ Adelaide Times (South Australia), 1 August 1851, 2;  ‘William Robert Smith Cooke,’ St Matthew’s Anglican Church, Marryatville, South Australia, Find a Grave Online Database, www.findagrave.com/memorial/198175831/william-robert_smith-cooke.

[49] Northwood, The Langhorne Brothers, 225-228.

[50] ‘Mary Cooke,’ England & Wales National Probate Calendar, Wills 1866, 246, via Ancestry.

[51] Graeme Reilly, ‘Alfred Langhorne (1817–1874): Part Four: The return to Australia and Laverton Estate,’ Altona Laverton Historical Society Newsletter, no 73 (August 2024), 2-13, https://alhs.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/ALHS-Newsletter-73_082024.pdf.

[52] ‘Sarah Marianne August Langhorne,’ Church of England, F, Row 12, Grave 1, Williamstown Cemetery, Hobsons Bay, Victoria, Find a Grave Online Database, www.findagrave.com/memorial/153569008/sarah-marianne-langhorne; ‘Alfred Langhorne,’ Old Pioneers Section, Grave 76, Fawkner Memorial Park, Victoria, Find a Grave Online Database, www.findagrave.com/memorial/206387659/alfred-langhorne.

[53] ‘George August’ in ‘Outward Passengers to Interstate, UK, and Foreign Ports,’ Public Record Office Victoria, February 1855, Ship Marchioness, https://prov.vic.gov.au/archive/2361BBF1-F7F0-11E9-AE98-C94F3ACB0C22.

[54] ‘George Hornby August,’ St John’s Anglican Churchyard Cemetery, Johnsonville, Wellington, New Zealand, Find a Grave Online Database, www.findagrave.com/memorial/147249059/george-hornby-august.

[55] ‘Lucy Clark August,’ St John’s Anglican Churchyard Cemetery, Johnsonville, Wellington, New Zealand, Find a Grave Online Database, www.findagrave.com/memorial/127405117/lucy-august.